Puller device



A g- 6, 1 E. E. ROBINS ET AL PULL-ER DEVICE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 OriginalFiled Nov. 13, 1946 J-zz 12' .36 40 44 /00 INVENTORS A Par/fer'ATTOR/VEYI 26, 1952 E. E. ROBINS ET AL 2,608,107

FULJJEIR DEVICE Original Filed Nov. 15, 1946 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 66 mzgff76 BY QW,MM

ATTORNEY)" Aug- 26, 1 E. E. ROBINS ET AL FULLER DEVICE I5 Sheets-Sheet 3Original Filed Nov. 13, 1946 Patented Aug. 26, 1952 -PULLER DEVICE Erfor d E. RobinaNprth Tonawahda, and-Humphrey F. Parker, Bufialo, N. Y.,'assignors'" to Columbus McKinnon Chain Corporation, TonawandaN. Y.

: Original application November 13, 1946, Serial .No."709,506.j;Dividet1 and this application 2, 1950, Serial No. 166,451

Claims. (Cl. 74578) invention relates to lever op atedfor' socalledr'atehet hoists and pullersflsuch' asare" manually operated for raisin'gandflowering" loads, orfor tensioning'wires or cables; 'or apply? ingpulling-loads in any industry"; andthis ap-'-' plication is "adivisionf'of application Serial No.

709,506; new Patent N0.2 ,519,400. I

Specifically, the invention relates to improve-Q ments in the generaltype of hoist or puller such as is shown in, U. S. Patent No.2,243,36l'; and wherein it"i'sarranged that wheneveri'the load is notbeing taken directly by the operating lever the load is sustained by theframe of the device independently of the operating lever by reason ofautomatic operation of friction brake means.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a hoist or puller ofthe character described which embodies structural features enabling thedevice to be designed into more compact andspace-saving form. Anotherobject ofthe invention is to provide in hoists or pullers of thecharacter described an improved method of' relative assembly of theoperating portions. Another object of the invention is to provide in ahoist of the character described an improved bearing arrangement foroperative parts thereof.

Another object of the invention is to provide in a hoist or puller ofthe character described an improved ratchet control arrangement.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the specificationhereinafter.v

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view through a puller of the invention; Fig. Zis asection taken along Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a section taken along'line lI1I'III of 0 Fig. 1.

In the drawings the hoist or, puller of the invention is illustrated tocomprise a frame l0 mounting a support hook l2 by means of a wash er andnutconnection device I4, as is conven-j tional in the hoist art. Theframe l0 carries bearings l6i 8 in which are journalled the hoist loadlift wheel shaft. This shaft includes a reduced portion 20 disposedwithin the bearing 16; an enlarged portion 22 disposed within the largerdiameter bearing I8; a lift Wheelportion 24; a face plate portion 26;and an opposite re: duced end portion 28. The bearing l 6 ,is setagainst a shoulder 29 of the frame structure to transmit end thrustloads thereagainst. and

thus the lift wheel '24 transmits end thrust loads directed toward theleft as viewed in Fig. .1 to the bearing IS. The shaft and bearingreceiving hoist or line n41 of.

opening portions of the frame ID are so dimensioned that the bearing andshaft elements may be progressively assembled upon the "frame by'slip-fitting the parts into the frame from right-to left as' viewed inFig. 1."

The extreme left end portion ofthe-shaft is grooved as indicated at 30,and a U-shaped bracket 32 is bolted to the frame as by means of a stud34; one end of the bracket -32 being thereby disposed within the grooveportion *of' the shaft to prevent accidental disassembly'of the shaftfrom the frame. The other end of the bracket 32turns upwardly into thecentrally grooved portion of the lift wheel element 24 to function as achain strippen asis well known in the hoist art. a

Afriction disc 36 is rotatably mounted upon the shaft. end portion 28next adjacent to the face plate portion 26. 'A'ratchet wheel' lfi is'rotatablymounted upon the shaft portion 28 by means of a wear-resistantbushing- -42-;{and

second friction disc 44=is-rotatably mounted upon" the shaft portion 28next adjacentto theratchet wheel 40; A lever ratchet "hubi6-is-rotatably mounted upon-the shaft portion 28' and carries therewitha ratchet wheel portion 48. which is externally toothed as indicated-at56.. The.

ratchet'hub 4 6 has formed integrally therewith apair of helicallyshapedsurfaces 5254, and a brake cam 56 having similarly helically shaped.

surfaces 58-69 is-mounted adjacent the outer end" of the-shaft portion28 and keyed thereto aslat 60; "The cam surfaces 52-54 58'--59 arearranged so that the hub and. 'cam' members 46-56 are complementary atthe surfacesof con tact therebetween, and whereby'relative'rotationalmovements 1 therebetween will force the ratchet hub 46 to be displacedaxially relative to the cam 56. The'brake cam 56 is axially positionedand locked'against movement toward the right as viewed in Fig. 1relative to the shaft28 by means of a threaded nut 62 and cotter pin 64.

A cover plate'66 is bolted by means of screws 6868 to the lever ratchetmember 40- so as to enclose the'mechanism subsequent to-assemblythereof. .A second cover plate 61 is press-fitted into the opposite endof the housing to enclosethe latter.

' The lever. ratchet hub' and ratchet wheel; unit 46',48 is encircled byan annular wear-resistant bushing 69 about which is'cast the hub portionof the hoist operating lever 10; and as'illustrated in Fig. 2, the lever'lfl carriesa plunger 12 which is normally biased by means of, acompression spring "so as to move at its toothed endpor- 3 tion 16 intomeshed engagement with the ratchet wheel 48. The tooth portion 16 of theplunger 12 is so shaped as to cooperate with the ratchet wheel 48 toblock relative movement of the lever and the ratchet wheel 48 in onedirection, while permitting the ratchet wheel to cam the plunger 12 outof blocking position for rotation of the lever 10 in the oppositedirection. However, the plunger I2 is arranged to be manually reversiblein attitude, and for this purpose is provided with a laterally bentfinger titl -whereby the operator may withdraw the pawl and rotatethefinger through 180, and then upon release of the pawl it will reengagethe wheel 48 so as to block movement of the lever. relative to theratchet wheel in the opposite direction.

j members"46-56' will cause the hub 46, together The lever frame I0 isrecessed as indicated at 82 and the finger portion 80 is formed with aboss 84, whereby whenever the plunger 12 is in springbiased position therecessand boss formation 8284 cooperate to lock the lever againstrotation. However, the finger Bilm'aybe manually retracted against theaction of the spring Hand then only partially rotatedso as to cause theboss portion 84 to ride upon the outer shoulder of the recessed portion82, to hold the pawl out of engagement. I

The frame Ii! carries a boss portion Etextending radially therefrom(Figs. 2-3); the portion 86 being radially bored toreceive inslip-fitted relation a cylindrical shaped pawl member 88. The outer endof the pawl 88'is shaped with a finger portion 90 for convenientgripping by .the operator. The pawl portion 90 is transversely slottedas indicated at 92 and is centrallybored as indicated at 94toaccommodate therein a-compression spring 95 bearing at its inner endagainst the inner closed end portion of the pawl 88; Subsequent tomounting of the spring 95 withinjthe pawl cylinder, a pin-98- is slipfitted through registeringopenings in the-body portion 86 so as tobridge the bored portion of the pawl 88 and to provide an anchor for theouter end of the sprlng 95. Thus, the spring is arranged to resistwithdrawal of the pawl 88-from engagement with the ratchet wheel; Thebodyportionjii is formed with a pair of outstanding abutments 98+ overwhich theslotted-portion 92 of the pawl head 90' slip-fits in oneposition of the pawl cylinder; but upon manual withdrawal of the pawlfrom engagement-with the wheel 48 the pawl-member may be twisted so thatthe enlarged head 90 rests upon the outer ends of'the' abutments 98-98;whereby the pawl is with held from engagement. I I I The operation ofthe hoist or puller of the invention may be described as follows:Preliminary to hoisting or pulling against a'load. the hoist device ishung by means of the hook [2 upon some stationary anchor means at suchposition that it will beconvenient to manipulate thelever 18 withoscillatory motions, and with the load chain 99 extending therefrom intoconnection with the load. It'is then usually desirable to take the slackout of the loadchain' prior to levering. the handle Ill, and this isaccomplished by withdrawing the ratchet control elements 8090 fromengagement with 'thei'r're spective ratchet wheels, and rotating-them'slightly so that they rest upon the adjacentabutmentsl so as to be heldout of engagement withth'eir' ratchets. This permits theope'ratingshaft2D to be freely rotated so that'the free end of the load: chain may besimply pulled upon to rotate'the load lift wheel unit of the mechanismand to take with the ratchet wheel 48 and the friction discs 36-44 to'beforced endwise toward the left as viewed in Fig. 1 and into mutuallypressure bearing relation against the face plate portion 25. This willcause the friction surfaces to become engaged so as to force the loadlift wheel portion 24 of the shaft to rotate along with the lever 10;and the friction between the brake elements will be sufficlenttosustainthe load when the operating handle 10' is being moved backwardlyintermittently. of each pulling stroke thereof; Thus, the handle"!!! issimply oscillated back and forth until the load has been moved to thedesired position, while at all times the load is frictionally sustainedbecause of the fact that the ratchet pawl 88 is in engagement with theteeth of the Wheel 40, thereby preventing its movement backwardly whenthe load is not being sustained by' the operating handle during backwardmove ments thereof.

When it is desired to lower or to relax the pull upon the load,-theratchet pawl control finger 80 is withdrawn outwardly against thetension of the spring 14," and when the hub portion 84 has cleared therecess 82 the lever 80 is rotated through and then allowed to returnagain underthe action of the spring into pawl-meshing position. Thus,the pawllfi will be in engagement'with the wheel 48, but in reverseattitude. Oscillation of the handle 'lflwill now serve to opcrate theshaft 20 in the reverse direction and against the'friction produced bythe brake elements. The first movement of the handle under theseconditions will serve to loosen the frictional engagement of the brakesurfaces sufiiciently to permit the operator to relax the pull upon theload. Since the lowering. of the load will, however, tend to turn theshaft'zll'and thereby'rotate the brake cam 56, the load itself will keepthe frictional surfaces of the brake unit in engagement sufficiently tosustain the load. Thus, under I, these conditions the load is nevercarried by the handle but always by the brake unit, so that there is notendency at any time for the handle to escape the grip of the operatorand run wild." However, as an extra safety precaution, we prefer to forma handle stop abutment I00 extending from'the upper portion of the frameI0 into registrywith aboss portion I02 (Fig. 1) of the lever'lfl, sothat the latter 'is prevented from rotating more'than 360 under'anycondition of loss'of" control of the handle by the operator. Thisfurtherminimizes'the opportunities for accident. The boss'l02isrelatively narrow when viewed in side elevation (Fig. 2) and islocated centrally'of the lever 10, whereby the lever 10 will haveapermissible range of travel through substantially 360, instead of asubstantially lesser range of travel as would be the case in event thestop-portion [08' were arranged to abut against a side wall portion ofthe lever'10". It willbe understood that the handle 10 need not beoscillated through any prescribed degree of I angular displacement tooperate the device so long as successive teeth of the ratchet wheel 40are engaged, and that it may be oscillated within any convenient segmentof the permissible 360 range of movement.

The provision of the paired bearings 16-18 of different diameters in theframe l provides a straddling support for the load lift wheel 24 whileat the same time facilitating assembly of the mechanism by permittingthe operating unit to be slip-fitted into the frame from one end thereofand then retained against accidental disassembly by the retainer 32.This combination stripper and lift wheel shaft retainer 32 provides asimple and an effective device performing a double function and therebyprovides a further advantage over previous designs; and the stop deviceI00 provides a simple yet efl'ective arrangement for increasing thefactor of safety in operation of devices of this character. The steelbushing 69 bears upon the ratchet hub 46 and upon the ratchet wheel 48at opposite sides of the ratchet teeth 50, and the latter are retractedto prevent them from scoring the hub of the lever 10. Thus, a durabletwo-part bearing for a the lever upon the brake unit is so provided asto remain stable and snug yet non-binding over long periods of service.The bushing 69 is knurled as at H so that when the handle is die-castthereon a keyed bonding of the two parts is effected.

It will be understood that although only one form of the invention hasbeen shown and described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilledin the art that the invention is not so limited but that various changesmay be made therein without departing from the spirit of the inventionor the scope of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. In a ratchet puller, a housing, a ratchet wheel rotatable within saidhousing, said housing having a boss portion thereof bored in a directionradially of said wheel, a ratchet pawl slipfltting within said housingbored portion and extending into meshing relation with said wheel, saidpawl having an enlarged body portion at the outer end thereof adapted torest upon the outer end of said boss portion, said enlarged body portionbeing transversely slotted from the outer end thereof, said pawl beinglongitudinally bored from the outer end thereof to a position short ofthe inner end thereof, said housing boss portion having a pair ofoutwardly extending abutment portions to provide a rest for saidenlarged body portion when the pawl is actuated out of wheel engagingposition, a pin bridging the space between said abutments and traversingsaid slot, and a compression spring nested within said pawl member andbearing at one end against the inner end of said pawl and at its otherend against said pin.

2. In a ratchet puller, a housing, a ratchet wheel rotatable within saidhousing, said housing being bored in a direction radially of said wheel,a ratchet pawl slip-fitting within said housing bored portion andextending into meshing relation with said wheel, said pawl beingtransversely slotted at the outer end thereof, said pawl beinglongitudinally bored from the outer end thereof to a position short ofthe inner end thereof, said housing having an abutment portion extendingalongside said pawl, said pawl having a radially extending shoulderadapted upon lifting of said pawl to ride upon said abutment, a pinextending laterally from said abutment and traversing said slot, and acompression spring nested within said pawl member and hearing at one endagainst the inner end of said pawl and at its other end against saidpin.

3. In a ratchet puller, a housing, a ratchet wheel rotatable within saidhousing, said housing being bored in a direction radially of said wheel,a ratchet pawl slip-fitting within said housing bored portion andextending into meshing relation with said wheel, said pawl having anenlarged body portion at the outer end thereof, said enlarged bodyportion being transversely slotted from the outer end thereof, said pawlbeing longitudinally bored from the outer end thereof to a positionshort of the inner end thereof, said housing having an abutment portionextending alongside said pawl and slip-fitting within the transverseslot in said enlarged body portion, whereby to provide a rest for saidenlarged body portion when said pawl is pulled outwardly and rotatedabout its longitudinal axis, a pin extending laterally from saidabutment and traversing the transverse slot in said enlarged bodyportion, and a compression spring nested within said pawl member andbearing at one end against the inner end of the bore in said pawl and atits outer end against said pin.

4. In a ratchet puller, a housing, a ratchet wheel rotatable within saidhousing, said housing being bored in a direction radially of said wheel.

a ratchet pawl slip-fitting within said housing bored portion andextending into meshing relation with said wheel, said pawl beinglongitudinally bored from the outer end thereof to a position short ofthe inner end thereof, said pawl being transversely slotted at the outerend thereof, said housing having a pair of abutment .portions extendingalongside said pawl, said pawl having radially extending shoulder meansadapted upon lifting of said pawl to ride upon said abutment portions, apin extending between said abutment portions and traversing thetransverse slot in the outer end of said pawl, and a compression springnested within said pawl member and bearing at one end against the innerend of the longitudinal bore therein and at its other end against saidpin.

ERFORD E. ROBINS. HUMIPHREY F. PARKER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 406,935 Murphy July '16, 18891,132,436 Campus Mar. 16, 1915 1,355,418 Pedersen Oct. 12, 1920 ,365,892Craver Jan, 18, 1921 1,781,936 Stoeltzler Nov. 18, 1930 2,204,119Campbell June 11, 1940 2,221,101 Lefkowitz Nov. 12, 1940 2,512,755Vosper June 27, 1950

